Influencia de la masticación unilateral no alternante en el desarrollo maxilofacial y tratamiento precoz / Influence of non-alternating unilateral chewing on the maxillofacial development and early treatment

Introducción: La masticación unilateral no alternante es un hábito nocivo consis tente en realizar la masticación de forma exclusiva o predominante por uno de los dos lados de la dentición que, manteni do en el tiempo durante el crecimiento, origina un desarrollo asimétrico del com plejo craneofacial afectando a las estruc turas óseas, musculares, articulares y dentarias. Objetivo: Describir cómo influye la masticación unilateral en el crecimiento maxilofacial y en la oclusión, así como el abordaje precoz para evitar las conse cuencias de este hábito. Material y método: Se realizó una bús queda bibliográfica en el metabuscador EBSCO-Dentistry Oral Science Source y en PubMed, seleccionando artículos a texto completo en inglés y español rela cionados con el tema, de lo que se extra jeron 45 para realizar esta revisión. Resultados: La masticación unilateral no alternante genera que la rama mandi bular del lado no masticatorio sufra ma yor crecimiento debido a que el cóndilo de este lado sólo realiza movimientos de traslación con un enorme estímulo de crecimiento. Además, la mayor carga en el cóndilo del lado de masticación gene ra cambios anatómicos, encontrándose el cuello engrosado y el área de la ca beza aumentada. Estos cambios a nivel mandibular producen mordida cruzada posterior unilateral en el lado de la mas ticación con una clase II subdivision (AU)

Introduction: Non-alternating unilateral chewing is a harmful habit consisting of chewing exclusively or predominantly on one of the two sides of the dentition which, maintained over time during growth, causes an asymmetric development of the craniofacial complex, affecting bone structures, muscular, articular and dental. Aim: Describe how unilateral chewing influences maxillofacial growth and occlusion, as well as the early approach to avoid the consequences of this habit. Material and method: A bibliographic search was carried out in the EBSCO Dentistry oral Science Source metasearch engine and in PubMed, selecting full-text articles in English and Spanish related to the subject, of which 45 were extracted to carry out this review. Results: Non-alternating unilateral mastication causes the mandibular ramus on the non-masticatory side to undergo greater growth because the condyle on this side only performs translational movements with enormous growth stimulus. In addition, the greater load on the condyle on the masticatory side generates anatomical changes, with a thickened neck and an increased head area. These changes at the mandibular level produce a unilateral posterior crossbite on the chewing side with a class II subdivision. Conclusions: The hyperfunction of the masticatory muscles and the vertical mandibular movement on the chewing side as well as the eminently translational tra jectory on the rocking side generates asymmetric grow th of the jaw and TMJ, deviation of the chin and midline lower teeth towards the working side, unilateral posterior crossbite and class II subdivision on the masticatory side, among other alterations. Early-stage therapy consists of rehabilitating function, application of composite tracks on the cruciate side, and maxillary expansion (AU)

[Maxillofacial rehabilitation: success or failure? Why?] / La rééducation maxillo-faciale : réussite ou échec ? pourquoi ?

INTRODUCTION: Most malocclusions are dysfunctional in origin and multidisciplinary care appears essential to correct as well as to maintain the orthopedic treatments performed. However, some "re-"educational therapies do not always deliver the desired results and the persistence of dysfunctions can thus compromise the stability of long-term results of orthodontic treatments. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Through a review of the literature, this article analyzes the former and current theories regarding maxillofacial rehabilitation. RESULTS: The two theories explaining failures in maxillofacial rehabilitation still need to be considered today because, so far, there are few data on the subject. DISCUSSION: The current evolution in the neurosciences makes it possible to achieve a better understanding and an improved technique regarding this type of reeducation, thus promoting greater adaptability on the part of the therapist.

The results of cephalometric analysis in the dynamics of orthodontic treatment of patients with transversal anomalies of occlusion.

OBJECTIVE: Introduction: This article discusses the problems of the current issue of modern orthodontics aimed at increasing the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment of transversal anomalies of occlusion in patients in periods of alternating and permanent bites by using standard orthodontic equipment in combination with orthopedic treatment by physical rehabilitation methods. In this work, the features of cephalometric indices in patients with transversal anomalies of occlusion have been studied, which make it possible to approach the choice of orthodontic treatment method in a comprehensive way. The aim was to prove the efficiency of the combination of standard orthodontic equipment with orthopedic treatment by physical rehabilitation methods. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: In order to study the characteristics of cephalometric indices in 9-15 years old patients with transversal anomalies of occlusion and to determine the criteria for the treatment effectiveness. Depending on the method of treatment, the patients were further divided into 2 subgroups: A and B. The method of treatment of subgroup A consisted of orthodontic treatment, which was carried out simultaneously with osteopathic correction of postural muscle imbalance by physical rehabilitation methods. Patients of subgroup B were treated exclusively by orthodontic treatment. The analysis of teleradiograms in the frontal projection was carried out using Dolphin software. RESULTS: Results: The effectiveness of the proposed regimens was carried out with the help of clinical and cephalometric indices which were studied before and after the orthodontic intervention. Clinical effectiveness of the performed orthodontic treatment was established in the absence of aesthetic disorders of facial features, normalisation and synchronization of the sizes of the upper and lower dentition, physiological positioning of the mandible, restoration of nasal breathing, disappearance of difficulties while chewing. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: When using proposed method (complex orthodontic treatment combined with physical rehabilitation methods) of orthodontic treatment, cephalometric analysis indices showed better dynamics, especially with unilateral cross-bite.

Oral manifestations and rehabilitation in Fraser syndrome: A case report.

Fraser syndrome (FS) is a rare recessive autosomal genetic disorder characterized by multisystemic malformations typically comprising cryptophthalmos, syndactyly, and renal defects. We report the case of a 16-year-old patient who exhibited facial asymmetry, short roots, hypodontia, and malocclusion. Oral rehabilitation included orthodontics, exodontia, and osseointegrated dental implants to improve the patient's self-esteem and eating function. We suggest short roots and hypodontia assessment in patients with FS.

Assessment of Temporary Crown Extensions to Correct Linguoverted Mandibular Canine Teeth in 72 Client-Owned Dogs (2012-2016).

A search of the medical and dental records at Evidensia Lørenskog Dyreklinikk, in Lørenskog, Norway, was conducted to identify dogs that received temporary crown extensions (TCEs) to correct linguoverted mandibular canine (LMC) teeth over a 54-month investigation period (2012-2016). Criteria for inclusion into the study were the presence of complete medical and dental records, pre- and postoperative clinical photographs and intraoral radiographs of the affected canine teeth, adequate information pertaining to the procedures performed, and at least 1 follow-up >3 months after appliance removal. Seventy-two dogs with LMC teeth were treated with TCE. Thirty-nine breeds were represented in this study. Mean age at the time of appliance installation was 6.4 (range, 4.7-13.4 months [median, 5.9 months] months). Fifty-three (73.6%) dogs presented with class I malocclusion, 14 (19.5%) dogs with class II malocclusion, and 5 (6.9%) dogs with class III malocclusion. Twenty-five (34.7%) dogs were considered to have mild, 32 (44.4%) dogs to have moderate, and 15 (20.8%) dogs to have severe mandibular canine malocclusion. The TCE was combined with other treatment modalities (active orthodontics, extraction of nonstrategic teeth, gingivectomy, and inclined bite plane and ball therapy) to correct mandibular canine tooth malocclusions in 19 (26.4%) dogs. Fractured or detached crown extensions were seen in 9 (12.5%) dogs. Soft tissue ulceration or inflammation was seen in 7 (9.7%) dogs. The mandibular canine teeth occlusion resolved completely with self-retaining, functional, nontraumatic occlusion in 56 (77.8%) dogs. Fifteen dogs (20.8%) resolved with functional, nontraumatic occlusion, but the mandibular canine teeth were too short to be perfectly self-retained, thus left with 1- to 2-mm crown extensions for permanent retention. In 1 (1.4%) dog, both mandibular canine teeth relapsed almost back to original position. The results show that TCE is a viable treatment option to correct LMC teeth in young dogs.

Prefabricated Laser Sintered Composite Veneers and Occlusal Vertical Dimensions: Case Reports.

AIM: To highlight the concept of prefabricated veneers and occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) and series of case report using edelweiss prefabricated veneer system. BACKGROUND: Edelweiss prefabricated veneer system presents a concept of biofunctional esthetics using laser sintered composite resins. The system's biofunctionality and versatile area of application combined with its time and cost saving procedure make the Edelweiss veneer and occlusion system a sound investment for the future. CASE DESCRIPTION: A series of case reports treated using prefabricated laser sintered composite veneer system has been presented. CONCLUSION: Prefabricated veneer is a milestone in operative dentistry, as it contributes tremendously to direct composite application, helping a larger number of our patients to receive esthetic restorations that are more conservative and affordable. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The prefabricated composite veneering technique provides a minimally invasive, chair-side technique for esthetic and full mouth rehabilitation.

Análisis de la relación entre la proporción áurea y el parámetro facial / Analysis of the relation between the golden ratio and the facial parameter

Introducción: la habilidad clínica para modificar la forma dentofacial a través del tratamiento ortodóntico, cirugía maxilofacial o cirugía plástica, requiere comprensión de la belleza facial, incluyendo la evaluación de la estética facial, proporciones y simetría. Objetivo: analizar la relación entre los componentes de la proporción áurea con el parámetro facial de estudiantes en la provincia Chiclayo. Métodos: la población de estudio fue representada por 88 estudiantes que cumplieron con los siguientes criterios de inclusión: edad entre 17-28 años, ambos sexos, sin tratamiento ortodóntico, con maloclusión clase I y dentición completa. Se diseñó una ficha de recolección de datos para medidas antropométricas craneofaciales. Se calibraron los examinadores, se evaluó la estabilidad de la concordancia intra e interexaminador mediante el coeficiente Kappa de Cohen. Para el contraste de la hipótesis se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación chi cuadrado. Para todas las pruebas estadísticas el nivel de significancia fue de 5 por ciento (p< 0,05). Resultados: se observó que el 65,91 por ciento del total de pacientes presentaban proporción divina en su dimensión externa, 48,86 por ciento son braquifaciales, 13,64 por ciento mesofaciales, 3,41 por ciento dolicofaciales, y el 57,95 por ciento del total presentaban proporción divina en su relación vertical, 42,05 por ciento son braquifaciales, 10,23 por ciento mesofaciales y 5,68 por ciento dolicofaciales. En cuanto al perfil armónico, el 70,45 por ciento del total de pacientes no presenta proporción divina, de los cuales el 53,41 por ciento son braquifaciales, 10,23 por ciento son mesofaciales y 6,82 por ciento son dolicofaciales. Conclusiones: solo existe relación entre la proporción áurea en su componente de dimensión externa con el parámetro facial. La proporción áurea se cumplió en todos sus componentes, en un mayor porcentaje en los individuos braquifaciales y hubo predominio de la proporción áurea en el sexo femenino(AU)

Introduction: the clinical ability to modify the dentofacial form through orthodontic treatment, maxillofacial surgery, or plastic surgery requires an understanding of facial beauty, including the evaluation of facial aesthetics, proportions, and symmetry. Objective: to analyze the relationship between the components of the golden ratio and the facial parameter of students in the province of Chiclayo. Methods: the study population was represented by 88 students who met the following inclusion criteria: age between 17 and 28 years, both sexes, without orthodontic treatment, with class I malocclusion and complete dentition. A data collection form for craniofacial anthropometric measurements was designed. The examiners were calibrated, the stability of the intra- and inter-rater concordance was evaluated using the Cohen's Kappa coefficient. For the contrast of the hypothesis, the correlation coefficient square chi was used. For all statistical tests, the level of significance was 5 percent (p< 0.05). Results: 65.91 percent of all the patients were observed to have a divine proportion in their external dimension: 48.86 percent are brachifacial, 13.64 percent mesofacial, and 3.41 percent dolichofacial. 57.95 percent of the total number of patients presented divine proportion in its vertical relation: 42.05 percent are brachifacial, 10.23 percent mesofacial, and 5.68 percent dolichofacial. Regarding the harmonic profile, 70.45 percent of the total number of patients did not present a divine proportion: 53.41 percent are brachifacial, 10.23 percent are mesofacial, and 6.82 percent are dolichofacial. Conclusions: there is only a relationship between the golden ratio in its external dimension component and the facial parameter. The golden ratio was fulfilled in all its components, in a greater percentage in the brachifacial individuals, and there was a predominance of the golden ratio in the female sex(AU)

Análisis de la relación entre la proporción áurea y el parámetro facial / Analysis of the relation between the golden ratio and the facial parameter

Introducción: la habilidad clínica para modificar la forma dentofacial a través del tratamiento ortodóntico, cirugía maxilofacial o cirugía plástica, requiere comprensión de la belleza facial, incluyendo la evaluación de la estética facial, proporciones y simetría. Objetivo: analizar la relación entre los componentes de la proporción áurea con el parámetro facial de estudiantes en la provincia Chiclayo. Métodos: la población de estudio fue representada por 88 estudiantes que cumplieron con los siguientes criterios de inclusión: edad entre 17-28 años, ambos sexos, sin tratamiento ortodóntico, con maloclusión clase I y dentición completa. Se diseñó una ficha de recolección de datos para medidas antropométricas craneofaciales. Se calibraron los examinadores, se evaluó la estabilidad de la concordancia intra e interexaminador mediante el coeficiente Kappa de Cohen. Para el contraste de la hipótesis se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación chi cuadrado. Para todas las pruebas estadísticas el nivel de significancia fue de 5 por ciento (p< 0,05). Resultados: se observó que el 65,91 por ciento del total de pacientes presentaban proporción divina en su dimensión externa, 48,86 por ciento son braquifaciales, 13,64 por ciento mesofaciales, 3,41 por ciento dolicofaciales, y el 57,95 por ciento del total presentaban proporción divina en su relación vertical, 42,05 por ciento son braquifaciales, 10,23 por ciento mesofaciales y 5,68 por ciento dolicofaciales. En cuanto al perfil armónico, el 70,45 por ciento del total de pacientes no presenta proporción divina, de los cuales el 53,41 por ciento son braquifaciales, 10,23 por ciento son mesofaciales y 6,82 por ciento son dolicofaciales. Conclusiones: solo existe relación entre la proporción áurea en su componente de dimensión externa con el parámetro facial. La proporción áurea se cumplió en todos sus componentes, en un mayor porcentaje en los individuos braquifaciales y hubo predominio de la proporción áurea en el sexo femenino(AU)

Introduction: the clinical ability to modify the dentofacial form through orthodontic treatment, maxillofacial surgery, or plastic surgery requires an understanding of facial beauty, including the evaluation of facial aesthetics, proportions, and symmetry. Objective: to analyze the relationship between the components of the golden ratio and the facial parameter of students in the province of Chiclayo. Methods: the study population was represented by 88 students who met the following inclusion criteria: age between 17 and 28 years, both sexes, without orthodontic treatment, with class I malocclusion and complete dentition. A data collection form for craniofacial anthropometric measurements was designed. The examiners were calibrated, the stability of the intra- and inter-rater concordance was evaluated using the Cohen's Kappa coefficient. For the contrast of the hypothesis, the correlation coefficient square chi was used. For all statistical tests, the level of significance was 5 percent (p< 0.05). Results: 65.91 percent of all the patients were observed to have a divine proportion in their external dimension: 48.86 percent are brachifacial, 13.64 percent mesofacial, and 3.41 percent dolichofacial. 57.95 percent of the total number of patients presented divine proportion in its vertical relation: 42.05 percent are brachifacial, 10.23 percent mesofacial, and 5.68 percent dolichofacial. Regarding the harmonic profile, 70.45 percent of the total number of patients did not present a divine proportion: 53.41 percent are brachifacial, 10.23 percent are mesofacial, and 6.82 percent are dolichofacial. Conclusions: there is only a relationship between the golden ratio in its external dimension component and the facial parameter. The golden ratio was fulfilled in all its components, in a greater percentage in the brachifacial individuals, and there was a predominance of the golden ratio in the female sex(AU)

Efectividad de la retención post ortodoncia en pacientes de 12-35 años relacionada con 2 tipos de retención fija. Revisión sistemática de la literatura / Post-orthodontic retention effectiveness of two types of fixed retainers in patients aged between 12 and 35: a systematic literature review

Identificar la efectividad de la retención post ortodoncia en pacientes de 12 a 35 años con dos tipos de retención fija, mediante una revisión sistemática de la literatura. Método: Se identificaron las publicaciones mediante búsqueda electrónica en las bases de datos: Cochrane, Pubmed, Science Direct, Isi Web Science, Scielo. Palabras claves: Tooth crowding, Posttreatment, Retainer, Maloclusión, Recurrence, Orthodontic stability, Relapse. Se analizaron por título, resumen y texto completo. Se seleccionaron aquellos que cumplían con los criterios de elegibilidad. Se evaluó la calidad metodológica de los artículos seleccionados, a través de la lista de chequeo Mincir. Se determino el nivel de evidencia y el grado de recomendación a través de la lista SIGN. Resultados: En la búsqueda electrónica inicial, se identificaron 6.632 artículos, de los cuales, posterior a los filtros, se seleccionaron 15 que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. Se obtuvieron finalmente 4 artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de calidad y de inclusión. Conclusiones: No existe suficiente evidencia científica, en las publicaciones analizadas, que sustente cuál de los dos tipos de retenedores evaluados, presenta mayor efectividad en la retención postortodoncia

Objective: To identify the effectiveness of two types of fixed post-orthodontic retainers in patients aged between 12 and 35 through a systematic literature review. Method: A systematic literature search was performed using the followings electronic databases: Cochrane, Pubmed, Science Direct, Isi Web Science, Scielo. Keywords: Tooth crowding, Posttreatment, Retainer, Malocclusion, Recurrence, Orthodontic stability, Relapse. The articles were analyzed by title, abstract and full text. The ones that fulfilled the eligibility criteria were chosen. The methodological quality of the articles selected was evaluated using the MINCIR checklist. The articles were classified using the SIGN list, where the articles were evaluated according to study design. Results: In the initial electronic search, 6,632 articles were identified, 15 of which fulfilled the inclusion criteria. After being analyzed, only four articles were considered to include all the quality and inclusion criteria. Conclusions: There is not enough scientific evidence in the publications analyzed to determine which of the two types of evaluated retainers is the most effective in post-orthodontic retention

Los mini-implantes como anclaje óseo en el tratamiento ortodóncico / The mini-implants as bony anchorage in orthodontic treatment

Introducción: el correcto manejo del anclaje es fundamental para la corrección de la mayoría de las alteraciones dento-maxilofaciales o maloclusiones dentarias porque permite aplicar determinada fuerza y realizar los movimientos dentales previstos para su corrección; el empleo de la técnica del mini-implante anclado al hueso posibilita una fijación estable, exenta del riesgo que suponen los movimientos dentales indeseados, y permite mover los dientes de manera controlada, lo que minimiza el tiempo de corrección de las maloclusiones. Objetivo: determinar la eficacia de la utilización de la técnica de mini-implante como anclaje óseo en el tratamiento ortodóncico de pacientes necesitados de anclaje máximo.Método: se realizó un estudio pre-experimental prospectivo de corte longitudinal en pacientes entre 12 y 24 años de edad que asistieron a la Consulta de Ortodoncia de la Clínica Estomatológica Docente Dr. Luis Páez Alfonso de Ciego de Ávila en el período de febrero de 2012 a febrero de 2014. El universo estuvo constituido por 19 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión; no se seleccionó muestra, y las variables objeto de estudio fueron sexo y edad del paciente, estabilidad y eficacia del mini-implante.Resultados: la técnica de mini-implante como anclaje óseo resultó eficaz para la corrección de maloclusiones en 92,9 por ciento de los casos; sólo dos pacientes (7,1 por ciento) mostraron fracaso terapéutico. Conclusiones: la técnica de mini-implante como anclaje óseo en el tratamiento ortodóncico de pacientes necesitados de anclaje máximo es altamente eficaz, por lo que se recomienda su empleo como alternativa terapéutica en estos casos(AU)

Introduction: correct handling of the anchor is essential for the correction of most dento-maxillofacial alterations or dental malocclusions because it allows applying certain force and to carried out dental movements for correction; the use of the bone-anchored minimizer technique allows a stable fixation, free from the risk of unwanted dental movements, and allows the teeth to be moved in a controlled manner, which minimizes the time to correct malocclusions. Objective: to determine the efficiency of the use of the minimizer technique as a bone anchor in the orthodontic treatment of patients in need of maximum anchorage. Method: a prospective pre-experimental, longitudinal cut study was carried out in patients between 12 and 24 years of age who attended to the Orthodontic Consultation at the Teaching Odontology Clinic Dr. Luis Páez Alfonso in Ciego de Ávila from February 2012 to February 2014. The universe consisted of 19 patients who met the inclusion criteria; no sample was selected, and the variables studied were sex and age of the patient, stability and efficacy of the minimizer. Results: the bone anchoring minimizer technique was effective for the correction of malocclusions in 92,9 percent of the cases; only two patients (7,1 percent) showed therapeutic failure. Conclusions: the technique of bone anchoring as an anchor in the orthodontic treatment of patients in need of maximum anchorage is highly effective, so it is recommended to use it as a therapeutic alternative in these cases(AU)

Instrumento clasificador para el examen de la guía anterior de la oclusión / Classifying instrument for occlusion previous guide exam

Fundamento: la guía anterior se convierte en algo difícil para los que incursionan en procederes rehabilitadores, pero no existe un instrumento para examinar la misma con fines docentes y asistenciales.Objetivo: desarrollar un instrumento clasificador para el examen clínico de la guía anterior de la oclusión.Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, en la clínica Ismael Clark Mascaró de la ciudad de Camagüey, desde septiembre de 2015 hasta febrero de 2016. El universo de estudio lo conformó la totalidad de 196 pacientes desdentados parciales, alta de servicios básicos y necesitados de rehabilitación protésica. La muestra no probabilística quedó constituida por 150 pacientes que reunieron los requisitos de inclusión. La investigación se realizó en tres momentos: ordenamiento, obtención de información y confrontación.Resultados: el 58 porciento de los pacientes no presentaron integridad morfológica de la guía anterior. Las interferencias predominaron en el 70 porciento de los pacientes de forma severa. Los examinados, 62 porciento con una guía anterior no funcional tenían curva de compensación pronunciada. Sobresale la dimensión vertical oclusiva dentro los parámetros establecidos con la guía anterior no adecuada en el 60 porciento de los pacientes.Conclusiones: sobresalió la falta de integridad morfológica de la guía anterior. Las interferencias dentarias severas fueron las más numerosas. La curva de Wilson pronunciada y la dimensión vertical oclusiva dentro de los parámetros establecidos, predominó en la mayoría de los pacientes con la guía anterior no funcional(AU)

Background: the previous guide becomes a difficult tool for those who make incursions into procedures of rehabilitation, but there is no instrument to examine it with teaching and assistance purposes.Objective: to develop a classifying instrument for the clinical exam of occlusion previous guide.Methods: a descriptive study was conducted at Ismael Clark Mascaro dental clinic of Camagüey from September 2015 to February 2016. The universe of study was composed of the 196 partial toothless patients who were discharged from the primary level of attention, and who needed of denture rehabilitation. The non-probabilistic sample was constituted by all the people who had the inclusion requirements, 150 patients. The investigation was carried out in three stages: classification, getting information and confrontation.Results: generally, 58 percent of the patients did not present morphological integrity of the previous guide. The interferences prevailed in 70 percent of the patients in a severe way. On the other hand, 62 percent of the examined patients with a dysfunctional previous guide had a curve of marked compensation. The vertical occlusive dimension stands out within the established parameters with the inadequate previous guide in 60 percent of the patients.Conclusions: the lack of morphological integrity of the previous guide was highlighted. The severe dental interferences were the most numerous. Wilson marked curve and the vertical occlusive dimension within the established parameters prevailed in most of the patients with the dysfunctional previous guide(AU)

«Surgery first¼ or two stage complex rehabilitation plan for patients with malocclusions. / «Surgery first¼ ili dvukhetapnaya metodika kompleksnoi reabilitatsii patsientov s anomaliyami prikusa.

The article considers stages of complex rehabilitation treatment plans of patients with bite anomalies. The study included 515 patients with various complex malocclusions. Two and conventional three stage treatment plans are described. The article suggests indications for the two stage treatment protocol. The evaluation of efficiency and stability of achieved treatment results obtained with a help of the system of quantitative analysis of dentooralfacial disorders is presented.

[IMPACT OF URANOSTAPHILOPLASTY ON QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE PATIENTS].

Abstract Retrospective analysis was conducted in 78 patients of various age, who suffered the inborn lip and palate fissura, for estimation of the patients quality of life after uranostaphiloplasty. The operations were performed on clinical base of The Oral Cavity Surgery and The Jaw-Facial Surgery Cathedra in Department of The Jaw-Facial Surgery of Clinical Medical Center (Baku). There was established, that application of uranostaphiloplasty procedure, as well as timely initiated rehabilitation, influences a further establishment of the patient personality. A timely refer to a speech therapeutist and the treatment began also have great significance for further establishment of the patient personality. Disorders of speech, incorrect bite hampers obtaining of education, working, interferes with a family creation, hampers the employment and worsens a quality of life.

Functional changes after early treatment of unilateral posterior cross-bite associated with mandibular shift: a systematic review.

The objective of this systematic review was to investigate whether oral functional asymmetry in children treated for unilateral functional posterior cross-bite disappears after orthodontic treatment with a resulting normalisation of oral functions. A literature search was carried out using PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library to locate longitudinal studies reporting on clinical oral functional changes, recorded by methods including masseter muscle thickness, bite force, masticatory/chewing cycle or electromyographic masticatory muscle activity, following the treatment of unilateral functional posterior cross-bite. All potential articles were initially screened according to their title and abstract, the full text of selected articles was evaluated, and the final study selection was made based on the pre-defined criteria. Data extraction was subsequently carried out. The initial literature search identified 736 articles, with 12 articles fulfilling pre-defined criteria. Although there was a lack of high-quality prospective studies, based on the available evidence, results suggest that the abnormal masticatory cycle associated with functional posterior unilateral cross-bite tends to normalise following early cross-bite treatment. Masticatory muscle activity shows an increase after early functional unilateral posterior cross-bite treatment, and this activity approaches normal levels. Insufficient evidence was available to conclude on maximal molar bite force or masticatory muscle thickness changes following early treatment of functional unilateral posterior cross-bite. Results should be interpreted with caution due to the lack of high-quality controlled studies. Well-designed prospective studies with large patient samples and long-term follow-up are necessary before making reliable conclusions concerning change in functional asymmetry following unilateral functional posterior cross-bite correction.

The role of orthodontics in the regeneration of the degenerated dentition.

The demand for regeneration of a degenerated dentition has been increasing as a result of the development of societies, where the life expectancy is increasing and fighting age-related changes is in focus. Whereas removable dentures were acceptable and considered a norm earlier, patients do, to an increasing degree,demand fixed prosthetics; consequently, the development of implants has had an important impact. The balance in the chewing organ will change with time, due to age-related changes within the bone and the loss of teeth due to caries or periodontal disease, and malocclusions may develop or aggravate. The re-establishment of an aesthetical and functional satisfactory solution cannot be reached by replacing teeth by fixed prosthodontics and implants. The aim of this update was threefold: firstly, to demonstrate that age-related changes, often unnoticed by both the patient and the general dentist, can lead to degeneration of the dentition; secondly, to explain how an interdisciplinary approach can make regeneration of even severe degeneration possible; and finally, to show the importance of the general dentist in the maintenance of the obtained results. Treatments should not aim for short-term results but focus on maintainable results.

Effects of occlusion on mandibular morphology and architecture in rats.

BACKGROUND: A rodent occlusal hypofunction model has been widely established in jawbone-related studies. However, the effects of occlusal stimuli, with total elimination of molar contacts, and its rehabilitation on mandibular remodeling remain unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight 5-wk-old Sprague-Dawley male rats were used. Twenty-four experimental rats underwent occlusal hypofunction by insertion of a bite-raising appliance. Twenty-four rats received no treatment (control group). Two weeks later, half the experimental rats (occlusal hypofunction group) were killed; the appliance was removed from the remaining experimental rats (recovery group) for two additional weeks before killing. Control animals were killed biweekly. Body weight and masseter muscle weight were measured, and the mandibles were subjected to micro-computed tomography to evaluate the mandibular morphology and cortical bone characteristics. The expressions of osteoblast- and osteoclast-related genes were evaluated with quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: No significant body weight differences were observed between the experimental and control rats. However, lighter masseter muscle, shorter mandibular incisor crown, mandibular body and ramus, and higher mandibular alveolar process and first molar fossae were observed in the occlusal hypofunction group. Moreover, the cortical bone characteristics associated with the expression of osteoblast- and osteoclast-related genes were remarkably different in the central and posterior mandible in the occlusal hypofunction group. At the 2-wk recovery time point after occlusal stimuli, the altered parameters in the masseter and mandible returned to normal levels. CONCLUSIONS: Mandibular remodeling via bone turnover is region specific for altered occlusal stimuli. Normal occlusion is an important determinant of the mandibular morphology and architecture.

METHODS OF INTEGRATING AESTHETIC REHABILITATION INTO THE TREATMENT PLAN OF ELDERLY PATIENTS.

UNLABELLED: Dental aesthetics represents a synonym for modern, cutting edge dentistry as it is a simultaneous mixture of art and science. The materials and the technology nowadays provide the resources for achieving extremely accurate and physiognomic restorations regardless of the amplitude of the intervention needed; consequently the treatment must respect the oral health and the optimal functioning of the dental-maxillary apparatus. One of the treatment phases that precede the final result, one step ahead in the treatment, is represented by the temporary restoration. The purpose of the paper consists in assessing the importance of restoring a patient's facial aesthetics--a key element for treatment success, while going through the phases that precede the final result. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study includes 88 patients aged between 60-90 years (median age--75 years), treated at the Department of Oro-dental Diagnosis and Gerontostomatology, between January 2012 and December 2013. The patients requested the restoration of the functions affected by odontal coronary lesions, periodontal disease or edentation, malocclusion, cranial mandibular malrelations, and unsuccessful or deteriorated odontal or prosthetic treatments. RESULTS: Dental aesthetics implies a detailed assessment of each individual case because the long term success of the beautiful result achieved depends of the optimal state of health and functionality of the entire system. The final project in the cases studied was transformed into temporary restoration and afterward into permanent restoration. CONCLUSIONS: The use of temporary prosthesis within the treatment plan is important for the patient as it contributes at maintaining his social life active and also at developing the correct techniques for providing the proper hygiene for the restored elements.

Frenulectomy of the tongue and the influence of rehabilitation exercises on the sEMG activity of masticatory muscles.

This study aimed to assess by surface electromyography (sEMG) the changes in sub-mental, orbicularis oris, and masticatory muscle activity after a lingual frenulectomy. Rehabilitation exercises in subjects with ankyloglossia, characterized by Class I malocclusion, were assessed as well. A total of 24 subjects were selected. Thirteen subjects (mean age 7±2.5years) with Class I malocclusion and ankyloglossia were treated with lingual frenulectomy and rehabilitation exercises, while 11 subjects (mean age 7±0.8years) with normal occlusion and normal lingual frenulum were used as controls. The inclusion criteria for both groups were the presence of mixed dentition and no previous orthodontic treatment. The sEMG recordings were taken at the time of the first visit (T0), and after 1 (T1) and 6months (T2) for the treated group. Recordings were taken at the same time for the control group. Due to the noise inherent with the sEMG recording, special attention was paid to obtain reproducible and standardized recordings. The tested muscles were the masseter, anterior temporalis, upper and lower orbicularis oris, and sub-mental muscles. The sEMG recordings were performed at rest, while kissing, swallowing, opening the mouth, clenching the teeth and during protrusion of the mandible. These recordings were made by placing electrodes in the area of muscle contraction. At T0, the treated group showed different sEMG activity of the muscles with respect to the control group, with significant differences at rest and during some test tasks (p<0.05). In the treated group, an increase in sEMG potentials was observed for the masseter muscle, from T0 to T2, during maximal voluntary clenching. During swallowing and kissing, the masseter and sub-mental muscles showed a significant increase in their sEMG potentials from T0 to T2. During the protrusion of the mandible, the masseter and anterior temporalis significantly decreased their sEMG activity, while the sub-mental area increased significantly. No significant change was observed in the control group during the follow-up. The sEMG potentials of treated patients at T2 reached about the same values as those of the control group at T2. At T0 and T1 the differences between the two groups were more diffused, suggesting a clinical improvement of muscular functions after treatment. Lingual frenulectomy and rehabilitation exercises seem to affect the function of the orofacial muscles. Improvement in muscle sEMG potentials after treatment was demonstrated by sEMG, which can be considered the correct method to monitor this intervention.

Occlusal rehabilitation of pseudo-class III patient.

To treat a patient with anterior crossbite, the clinician should first assess if it is a genuine class III or a pseudo-class III malocclusion. Cephalometric analysis is important; however, registering a patient's centric relation (CR) is simple, quick, and costless and can play a decisive role in a differential diagnosis for this type of patient profile. This clinical report depicts a patient clinically diagnosed as class III. After mandible manipulation in CR, it was noted that the patient in question was a pseudo-class III. The treatment was based on the pseudo-class III diagnosis. Therefore, the patient was rehabilitated by occlusal adjustments and conventional and implant-supported prostheses and without the need for invasive orthognathic surgery.